The Combines Act :: essays research papers

The Combines Act J.C.H. Jones's article "The Economics of the National Hockey League" (1969) purpose is to explain through simple micro economics that the prime motive of professional hockey team owners is profit maximization. The owners argue that their main interest is "for the love of the game," not the financial benefits of owning a professional sports franchise and to avoid government regulations such as the Combines Act (note 1). An article written in 1982 by J.A. Schofield entitled "The Development of First Class Cricket in England," states the behavior of sport cartels. Three hypothesises are used to explain the behavior described by Schofield, number two being developed by J.C.H. Jones (1969). (1) The profit maximization hypothesis. (2)The joint profit maximization hypothesis that the entire cartel (league) strives for. This hypothesis does not incorporate non profit objectives that influence group behavior. (3) The utility maximization model that allow for many possibilities usually compromising arguments such as the success of the team at a given year and paid attendance for the team's venue. By explaining the frame work of a professional sports league Jones introduces us to factors that make an organized league function, which seems quite familiar to any other monopolistic markets. Since no team can create any revenue by themselves they must form a coalition with another club to produce a profit generating output, namely a hockey game. Other clubs enter this coalition thus creating a formal league which we call the National Hockey League. Jones then states how revenue is generated in the N.H.L and how it is affected by certain factors. A theoretical model of the N.H.L is created by Jones with all things being equal, creating an equilibrium amongst all clubs. The model is then adjusted to real life variables that turns his theoretical model into what we know as the N.H.L. Jone's variables includes the incentive for teams to win (this being the Stanely Cup), different quality of players, the amateur draft (a draft at the end of the season which amateur players a selected, last place team gets first pick and so forth), and player redistribution(trades). By applying microtheory Jones clearly presents his argument which I was able to understand with my current knowledge of microeconomics. Jones examines the revenue side of an individual team using the usual variables tastes, prices, incomes, quality and substitutes. On the supply side Jones stresses that the major element is the human inputs namely the hockey players. The data that Jones used was team statistics such as their final rank at the end of the season and the paid attendance as a percentage of maximum seating capacity.

Family life in To Kill A Mockingbird Essay

In order to appreciate To Kill A Mockingbird fully, we should be familiar with some of the background of its setting. The South in the colonial times grew into an area with large cotton plantations and small cities. Because of the necessity for cheap labour to pick and seed the cotton, Negro slavery took a strong hold there. At the outbreak of the American Revolution, there were over 500,000 slaves in this country, with by far the greatest number in the South. As time passed, plantation owners formed a landed aristocracy. The Negroes, though slaves, gained a measure of economic security. On the perimeter of this were the poorer white farmers who either owned small pieces of land or worked as sharecroppers. To Kill a Mockingbird is set against this background of 1930 Southern life. The Finches are a family who once had a large, successful plantation. Their ancestors had been aristocratic ladies and gentlemen of the South. Now they have been reduced to gentile poverty. They are better off by far than the Cunningham’s, for example, who have nothing but their land. Atticus Finch is highly respected throughout the community mainly due to his law career. There are many different kinds of family life in â€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird†. There are white families who are higher and lower class and then black families. I think that Harper Lee exaggerates the family hierarchy, i.e. the lower class families are shown as being very poor while the higher-class families are shown to be almost ideal. This makes it clearer to us how different the families are. The Finch family would be an example of an ideal family, which is ironic considering that there is no mother. They are a poor family although better off than most and stand near the top of Maycomb’s social hierarchy. There is a lot of love, trust and security within the family. Atticus is a very good father and has brought Scout and Jem up to be very mature and respectful. He devotes himself to his children despite criticism from family and neighbors who think his children lack discipline and proper guidance. Atticus is a wise man, committed to justice and equality, and his parenting style is based on fostering these virtues in his children – he even encourages Jem and Scout to call him ‘Atticus’ so that they can interact on terms as equal as possible. Throughout the novel, Atticus works to develop Scout and Jem’s respective consciences. He tells Scout to put herself in a person’s shoes  before she judges them. Calpernia acts as a mother figure and is treated as one of the family. She is also their ‘bridge’ between the white world and her own black community. Calpernia’s own family may be black, but they are respectful and clean, good Christian people, who are better than some of the white families. Again, Tom Robinson and his family are black but he is honest and respectable. However they are still inferior to the extremely lower class white folk. The Ewell family is known as ‘white trash’. They would be at the very bottom of the hierarchy. They represent the dark side of the South: ignorance, poverty, filth, and hate-filled racial prejudice. In contrast with the Finch family they show poor parental care. Bob Ewell is a father of eight who is a drunken, permanently unemployed member of Maycomb’s poorest family. The attitude and actions of the father influence the children’s behavior and attitude. i.e., they are renound for attending only the first day of school. Like the Ewells, the Cunningham family is very poor. They are uneducated country farmers but are honest and hardworking. They take nothing unless they can pay it back in their own way, for example leaving Atticus stove wood, hickory nuts and holly to pay for his services. The Radley family is a very good example of parental failure. Their son Boo is an intelligent child emotionally damaged by his cruel father. The parent’s mistreatment of Boo has resulted in his life being totally ruined. They are also the centre of Maycomb’s gossip and from this, we get the impression that Boo is a violent and nasty man, when actually he is kind and befriends and protects Jem and Scout. We don’t hear very much about Dill’s family, but from what we do hear, we can see that he has a very difficult situation where he comes from a broken family. Dill spins grand tales about his father but runs away from home later in the book because he feels his mother and stepfather don’t care about him. Harper Lee makes it very clear to us that parents influence children so much so that we can see the enormous difference between the Finches and The Ewells. We are introduced to a good black family that is  destroyed by a drunken bum who is unfortunately white. This complicates us to show the intricacy of the moral values that were unjust at the time.

Why is border security important - 1905 Words

ENGL Composition: Writing and Research Why is border security important? 8/9/2013 There are a lot of things that come into account when we talk about border security, but why is border security important? Our borders help keep the drugs, undocumented aliens, terrorists, and contraband that is coming into our country. If we can keep our borders secure then a lot of these things will not make it into our country. Another thing that would change is the crime that’s associated with these things. If we can stop the drugs that are coming into the country it would help reduce the criminal activities that are associated with it and ultimately help reduce crime rates throughout the country. Some of the challenges of securing†¦show more content†¦The next agency up is the Bureau of Immigrations and Customs Enforcement (ICE). ICE s mission is to detect and prevent terrorist and criminal acts by targeting the people, money, and materials that support terrorist and criminal networks (Haddal, 2010). They do this by setting up stings to take out gun runners, ass ociated cartel members that are in the US. Every year ICE appropriates billions of dollars in guns, drugs, and money. They are also responsible for the collection, analysis and dissemination of strategic and tactical intelligence data pertaining to homeland security, infrastructure protection, and the illegal movement of people, money, and cargo within the United States (Haddal, 2010). The last agency I am going to talk about is part of the Bureau of Customs and Border Protection (CBP). This agency is called the US Border Patrol. These are the people that you probably here about the most. Their primary task is to prevent the smuggling and unlawful entry to undocumented aliens into the United States, apprehending immigration law violators, and serving as the primary agency responsible for drug and contraband interdiction between ports of entry (Turbiville, 1999). The US Border Patrol was created in 1924 and has been around every since and has 22 US and Puerto Rican sectors. Their mos t critical, most publicly visible, most dangerous and the most rapidly evolving area is the 2,000 miles of shared border with Mexico (Turbiville, 1999). The US Border PatrolShow MoreRelatedName: Chiagozie Harry Okeke. Date: 02/20/2017. My Proposal1308 Words   |  6 PagesName: Chiagozie Harry Okeke Date: 02/20/2017 My proposal policy â€Å"To Increase the border control and security against unauthorized immigrants. Unauthorized immigrants in the United States of American border control has being a big problem and concern with regards to national security. There are a lot of people from various countries that want to migrate into United States for so many individual reasons known to them. The United States is a country known for countless jobs which other nations don’tRead MoreAmerica s Border Control Is A Security System1525 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica’s Border Control is a security system that protects America’s borders and makes sure that no terrorist or illegal immigrants enter America without a green card. The border control has been paid billions and maybe trillions of dollars to protect our borders. America’s border control needs to be lowered, it’s not just Mexicans are entering America illegally the statistics of immigration from 2013 are -Mexicans 14% -Chinese 7.2% -Indians 6.9% -Philippines 5.5% -Dominican Republic 4.2% TheRead MoreAmerica s Border Control Is A Security System1525 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica’s Border Control is a security system that protects America’s borders and makes sure that no terrorist or illegal immigrants enter America without a green card. The border control has been paid billions and maybe trillions of dollars to protect our borders. 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There are therefore measures that can be put in place so as to counter terrorism acts. The federal government can impose some sanctions that can be used as a means of countering terrorism acts. These sanctions can be directly on an individualRead MoreTECHNOCRATS AND CANADA Essay880 Words   |  4 Pagesfor Border Security Architecture Derek Brown (G00040841) Grantham University Abstract This paper will discuss the role of technocrats in Homeland Security and this paper will discuss whether or not Canada should of been the starting point for border security architecture. What is a technocrat? Is it some new genre of music for bureaucrats? Or is it what you get when you cross the techno genre and a Politian? Actually, it’s none of these; a technocrat is someone who feels many important issuesRead MoreHuman Trafficking : A Serious Crime And A Direct Violation Of Human Rights1138 Words   |  5 PagesIntelligence Question: How human trafficking is currently impacted by increased law enforcement coverage at the southwest border aimed at reducing illegal alien smuggling into the country? Summary: Human trafficking is a serious crime and a direct violation of human rights. It can be defined as an illegal trade of human beings in which they are treated as possessions to be controlled for labor intensive work like slavery, or exploited by being forced into prostitution. Every year, millions of peopleRead MoreIllegal Immigration And The United States1126 Words   |  5 PagesUnited States without government permission or stayed beyond the termination date of a visa† (thefreedictionary.com). This issue has been a controversial and divisive topic throughout the world. Illegal immigration is a serious threat to national security. Lack of proper immigration can cause harmful consequences, and while there is much debate over what to do with the many illegal immigrants in the country, it is evident that it is a burden and very damaging. Illegal immigration dates all the wayRead MoreBorder Control Essay example888 Words   |  4 PagesBorder Control I feel that border security should be a priority and it is important to me because of the consequences we are currently suffering from and will continue to suffer from. We have decades of children that will depend on us to resolve these issues now rather than lay the burden on them. Even if Border Security is dealt with successfully, the radical terrorist threat will continue and will be able to be dealt with more easily because of the progress we will be able to make at home domestically